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1.
Rev. colomb. reumatol ; 29(4)oct.-dic. 2022.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536194

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: El dolor lumbar es uno de los principales motivos de consulta en el primer nivel de atención, requiere múltiples intervenciones diagnósticas, así como la adopción de conductas terapéuticas, e incluso, conlleva discapacidad en los pacientes adultos. Objetivo: Brindar una aproximación clínica con orientación diagnóstica para el abordaje de los pacientes con un motivo de consulta frecuente en el primer nivel de atención. Resultados: Los autores proponen un algoritmo para el abordaje clínico del paciente con dolor lumbar crónico, orientando, además, hacia generalidades de los exámenes complementarios (química sanguínea, imágenes diagnósticas, entre otros), para evaluar en un primer nivel al paciente que acude por esta patología. Conclusiones: La propuesta presentada en este artículo permite guiar al personal médico de primer nivel de atención a través de una aproximación enfocada en las características semiológicas del dolor, así como poder correlacionar con los diagnósticos más frecuentes, a fin de remitir o dirigir al paciente de acuerdo con las necesidades particulares correspondientes.


Keywords: Background: Low back pain is one of the main complaints in primary care reported by-patients, requiring several diagnostic interventions, therapeutic approaches and even entailing disability in young adults. Objective: To provide a clinical approach, diagnostically oriented, for patients frequently consulting primary care. Results: Of the authors propose a clinical algorithm for the clinical assessment of the patient with chronic low back pain, also considering complementary tests (imaging, blood chemistry, etc.) for the evaluation in primary care of the patient with this pathology. Conclusions: The proposal provided in this article helps guide the primary care physician through an approach focusing on the semiological characteristics of pain, so that they can correlate with the most frequent diagnoses, in order to refer or direct the patient according to their particular needs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Signs and Symptoms , Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms , Low Back Pain , Neurologic Manifestations
2.
Univ. med ; 58(3)2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-996155

ABSTRACT

En el paciente médicamente enfermo, las intervenciones farmacológicas o psicoterapéuticas habituales caen en desuso por particularidades propias de la hospitalización y la comorbilidad física; por ello se hace necesario identificar diferentes estrategias que permitan incidir benéficamente en la calidad de vida de este grupo de pacientes. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión narrativa de la literatura que permita identificar estrategias terapéuticas que hayan demostrado efectividad en el proceso de este grupo de pacientes. Metodología: Revisión narrativa de literatura. Resultados: Se identificaron 10 comentes terapéuticas no farmacológicas que han demostrado mejoría en indicadores como percepción de dolor, mejoría en calidad de vida, regulación de alteraciones del patrón de sueño, fatiga, en el contexto de pacientes con enfermedad crónica, que puede encontrarse en entornos tan diversos como son los pacientes de oncología o de las unidades de dolor crónico. Conclusiones: Las intervenciones no farmacológicas han demostrado efectividad en el control de síntomas físicos y emocionales en pacientes con enfermedad crónica y son herramientas con las que debe contar el profesional en salud mental.


For the treatment of the dinically ill patient the usual pharmacological interventíons have limited the use of non'pharmacological approach, due to particular factors such as hospitalization itself, physical comorbidities or reduced strategies for the therapeutic team; it ¿s necessary to identify therapeutical strategies that allow a positiva effect in the quality of life of this group of patients. Objective: lo realice a narrative review of literatura that allows us to identify therapeutically strategies that have proven dectivity in the dinically ill patient. Methods: Narrative review of literature. Results: There have been identined 10 non pharmacological therapeutic options that have demonstrated a positive effect in domains such as pain perception, quality of life perception, ¿nsomnia, fatigue, in the context of chronic and dinically ill patients in Services such as oncology or chronic pain. Condusions: Non-pharmacological interventíons have proven effectivity in ameliorate physical and emotional symptoms in patients with chronic diseases, and are useful tools for the mental health specialist.


Subject(s)
Relaxation Therapy , Health Strategies , Chronic Pain/diagnosis
3.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 16(3): 13-13, May 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-684011

ABSTRACT

Background: Bioethanol is produced mainly from sugar cane and corn. In the last years it has been subject of debate due to the effects in food prices and land use change. The use of lignocellulosic materials for bioethanol production, such as agroindustry, forestry and municipal residues, wood or dendroenergetic species, has been proposed as a sustainable way for producing this biofuel. The design of a sustainable process for producing bioethanol requires a methodological approach whereby economical, environmental and social criteria are systematically integrated from the early stages of process design. Results: Until now a methodology for guiding the design of a sustainable process for bioethanol production is not available, and there are just a few studies on this subject. Moreover, with the recent global concerns on climate change, developed technologies have been confronted with additional requirements to validate their sustainability. In this sense, the inclusion of sustainability criteria on process design becomes necessary for defining a systematic methodology to select the most appropriate operations in the process stages to achieve a sustainable bioethanol production. Conclusions: A description of the stages for the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials is provided in this review and the main findings in relation to the more important sustainability indicators are presented.


Subject(s)
Ethanol/metabolism , Biofuels/analysis , Lignin/metabolism , Life Cycle Stages
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